Mergers & Acquisitions
under Indian law.
Diligence on an Indian target is a document problem before it is a legal one: a data room of several thousand files, a reps-and-warranties package to test, indemnity caps and CPs to extract, and a Companies Act, 2013 overlay of related-party approvals under s.188, director interest disclosures under s.184 and financial statements under s.129. LexVio runs a deal-format diligence pass over the room and returns an India red-flag report.
Last reviewed: 19 August 2026 · every citation on this page names the dataset it came from
- 10governing provisions
- 16product capabilities
- 4free tools
- 2limitation periods
- 4free templates
- 15compliance deadlines
- 5audiences
The corporate law of an Indian acquisition is mostly about who approved what. Section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 carries the definitions the whole analysis turns on — related party, subsidiary, holding company, key managerial personnel. Section 188 governs related-party transactions and the consents they need, s.184 requires directors to disclose interest at the first Board meeting and annually, s.166 sets the fiduciary standard the seller's board was held to, and s.143 covers the auditor's duties including fraud reporting under s.143(12). Section 129 is the reason contingent liabilities buried in indemnity clauses eventually surface.
The contract law is the warranty package. Section 17 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 defines fraud — a suggestion of fact known to be false, active concealment, or a promise made without intent to perform — which is the backstop when a disclosure schedule turns out to be untrue. Section 124 defines the contract of indemnity that the whole indemnity architecture is built on. Where the target is distressed, s.29A of the IBC decides who is even eligible to be a resolution applicant.
M&A Deal Intelligence runs a diligence pass in deal format over an uploaded data room: reps and warranties, indemnity caps, conditions precedent, MAC clauses, and an India red-flag report. Around it sit the vault mechanics a deal actually needs — ZIP ingest for thousands of documents at once, per-document share links with expiry, password and watermarking, folder-level permissions, and an immutable activity audit log.
The provisions, with their section numbers.
Each row names the dataset it was taken from — the seeded statute library, the compliance calendar's own statutory reference, the bare Limitation Act, or the DPDP research set. Nothing here was written from memory.
Tools that apply to this work.
Each runs in your browser. Nothing is uploaded anywhere, and none of them needs an account.
India-first templates, free to copy, modify and use commercially, without attribution.
The nine MCA/ROC filings a company or LLP must diarise, with the due rule and late-fee ladder.
Every recurring statutory due date, month by month, each carrying its own citation.
Validate a GSTIN's checksum and decode state code, PAN and entity type — runs in your browser.
Limitation periods that bite here.
Quoted from the India Code bare Act. The period is only half the answer — the third column of the Schedule, the point from which time begins to run, is what actually decides the date. Each entry sets both out.
Free templates for this area.
Free to copy, modify and use commercially, without attribution. They are starting points, not advice — have a qualified advocate or company secretary review anything before you sign it.
Board composition, reserved matters, transfer restrictions, ROFR/tag/drag, and exit rights for an Indian private limited company.
Subscription mechanics, conditions precedent, representations and warranties for a priced equity round.
Y-Combinator post-money SAFE adapted for an Indian private company. For pre-seed / seed convertibles where you want speed and a valuation cap without a priced round.
Employee stock option plan and grant letter aligned to the Companies Act 2013 and the Share Capital and Debentures Rules, with the Indian perquisite-tax position at exercise.
The capabilities that do this work.
Every one of these is a real feature page with its own status — Live, Beta or Soon. If it says Beta, it is in beta.
Run a deal-format diligence pass over a data room — reps & warranties, indemnity caps, CPs, MAC clauses, and an India red-flag report.
Upload a ZIP of contracts and ask one question across all of them.
Upload thousands of documents in one go with automatic parsing and indexing.
Semantic + keyword search across every document in your vault.
Get a synthesised answer with citations from every document at once.
See which clauses are present, missing, or non-standard across your portfolio.
See how your documents, counterparties, and matters relate.
Red, amber, or green for every clause, with an explanation and confidence score.
Per-document share links with expiry, password, and watermarking.
Role-based access (admin / member / guest) with per-folder overrides.
AES-256 at rest, TLS 1.3 in transit, AWS Mumbai region by default.
Firm-branded watermarks on shared documents; recipient-tagged prints.
A searchable record of state-changing actions across the workspace.
Side-by-side treatment of a clause or transaction under both frameworks.
DTAA treaty analysis, transfer pricing flags, Form 15CA/CB requirements.
Apply your firm's logo, colours, and footer to exported risk reports.
The modules this area draws on.
The people who do m&a work.
Custom AI. Unlimited seats. Your data, your cloud.
Deliver more client work with white-label AI.
AI for the contracts your clients keep sending you.
Stop signing investor docs you don't fully understand.
AI-native SEBI, RBI and AMFI compliance.
15 compliance deadlines touch this area.
These are the statutory dates, not the extended ones — there is no automatic carry-forward when a due date falls on a Sunday or a gazetted holiday, and regulators grant relief only by ad-hoc notification. Every row states who it applies to; almost none of them applies to every entity.
- AGM — Annual General Meeting
- AOC-4 — Financial statements filing
- MGT-7 / MGT-7A — Annual return
- DIR-3 KYC — Director KYC (now triennial)
- DPT-3 — Return of deposits
- MSME-1 — H1 (Apr-Sep) outstanding
- MSME-1 — H2 (Oct-Mar) outstanding
- ADT-1 — Auditor appointment
- SEBI LODR — Quarterly filings (Q4, Jan-Mar)
- SEBI LODR — Quarterly filings (Q1, Apr-Jun)
- SEBI LODR — Quarterly filings (Q2, Jul-Sep)
- SEBI LODR — Quarterly filings (Q3, Oct-Dec)
- SEBI LODR — Annual audited financial results (Reg 33)
- FLA — Foreign Liabilities & Assets return
- APR — Annual Performance Report (ODI)
M&A — the questions people actually ask.
What does M&A Deal Intelligence actually extract from a data room?
It runs a deal-format diligence pass and returns reps and warranties, indemnity caps, conditions precedent, MAC clauses and an India red-flag report. Underneath it, ZIP ingest handles thousands of documents in one upload with automatic parsing and indexing, and the same portfolio-level tools that work on a contract book — search, ask-across-everything, and a clause coverage map showing what is present, missing or non-standard — work on a data room.
How is the data room kept confidential?
AES-256 at rest, TLS 1.3 in transit, and AWS Mumbai (ap-south-1) as the default region with backups kept in India. Sharing is per-document with expiry, password and watermarking; folders carry role-based permissions with per-folder overrides; and every action across the workspace is written to an immutable audit log. For deployments that cannot use the cloud at all there is an air-gapped Helm install with no outbound telemetry.
Which ROC filings should a buyer pull on an Indian target?
The nine on the ROC Form Finder are the diarised set, and the ones that matter most in diligence are AOC-4 for financial statements, MGT-7 or MGT-7A for the annual return, ADT-1 for auditor appointment, DPT-3 for deposits and MSME-1 for outstanding dues to micro and small suppliers beyond 45 days. Each entry states the due rule and the late-fee ladder, so a pattern of late filings is visible rather than inferred.
Does LexVio value the target or advise on deal structure?
No. It reads documents and produces analysis with citations — the IFRS vs IndAS comparator shows the treatment of a clause or transaction under both frameworks, and cross-border tax covers DTAA treaty analysis, transfer pricing flags and Form 15CA/CB requirements. Valuation, structuring and the fairness opinion are your advisers' work, not the software's.
A map of the material, not advice on your matter. These hubs point at statutory text, free calculators and product capabilities. They are not legal advice, they do not create an advocate-client relationship, and they are no substitute for reading the bare Act as currently amended. Indian law is fact- and state-specific — stamp duty, registration and several employment obligations vary by state, and limitation turns on facts a web page cannot know. Take advice on your own facts before acting.
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